Erythropoietin is a hormone made mainly in the kidneys that
stimulates the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells. Synthetic (man-made)
erythropoietin may be used during cancer treatment to prevent anemia or to
treat anemia caused by chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant.
Erythropoietin also can be used to treat anemia caused by chronic
kidney disease and kidney failure. It elevates or maintains the red blood cell
level, reducing the need for blood transfusions.