Alcohol Effects on a Fetus

References

Citations

1. Goldson E, Reynolds A (2009). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders section of Child development and behavior. In WW Hay et al., eds., Current Diagnosis and Treatment: Pediatrics, 19th ed., pp. 98–99. New York: McGraw-Hill.

2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effect) (2004). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Guidelines for Referral and Diagnosis. Washington, DC: United States Department of Health and Human Services.

3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2005). Surgeon General's advisory on alcohol use in pregnancy. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas/documents/Released%20Advisory.pdf.

Other Works Consulted

• Committee on Ethics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2004). At-risk drinking and illicit drug use: Ethical issues in obstetric and gynecologic practice. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 294. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 103(5): 1021–1031.

• Bertrand J, et al. (2005). Guidelines for identifying and referring persons with fetal alcohol syndrome. MMWR, 54(RR–11): 1–15. [Erratum in MMWR, 55(20): 568. Also available online: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5520a13.htm.]

• National Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects (2002). Defining the national agenda for fetal alcohol syndrome and other prenatal alcohol-related effects. MMWR, 51(RR-14): 9–12.

• O'Malley KD, Nanson J (2002). Clinical implications of a link between fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 47(4): 349–354.

• Simkin DR (2005). Adolescent substance abuse. In BJ Sadock, VA Sadock, eds., Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 8th ed., vol. 2, pp. 3470–3490. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

• Sokol RJ, et al (2003). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. JAMA, 290(22): 2996–2999.

• Stoll BJ (2007). Fetal alcohol syndrome section of Metabolic disturbances. In RM Kliegman et al., eds., Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed., pp. 780–782. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.

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Author:	Debby Golonka, MPH	Last Updated: March 17, 2009
Medical Review:	Michael J. Sexton, MD - Pediatrics William Gilbert, MD - Perinatology
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