Anal Fissure

References

Citations

1. Dozois EJ, Pemberton JH (2006). Anal fissure section of Hemorrhoids and other anorectal disorders. In MM Wolfe et al., eds., Therapy of Digestive Disorders, pp. 948–950. Philadelphia: Elsevier.

2. Nelson R (2007). Anal fissure (chronic), search date January 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence. Also available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.

3. Nelson R (2006, amended 2006). Non-surgical therapy for anal fissure. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4). Oxford: Update Software.

4. Brown CJ, et al. (2007). Lateral internal sphincterotomy is superior to topical nitroglycerin for healing chronic anal fissure and does not compromise long-term fecal continence: Six-year follow-up of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 50(4): 442–448.

5. Jonas M, Scholefield JH (2001). Anal fissure. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 30(1): 167–181.

Other Works Consulted

• Hull TL (2006). Anal fissure section of Diseases of the anorectum. In M Feldman et al., eds., Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 8th ed., vol. 2, pp. 2840–2842. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.

• Madoff RD, Fleshman JW (2003). American Gastroenterological Association Medical position statement: Diagnosis and care of patients with anal fissure. Gastroenterology, 124(1): 233–234.

• Nelson R (2005, amended 2005). Operative procedures for fissure in ano. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2). Oxford: Update Software.

• Welton ML (2003). Anal fissure and ulcer section of Anorectal diseases. In SL Friedman et al., eds., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Gastroenterology, 2nd ed., pp. 464–466. New York: McGraw-Hill.

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Author:	Monica Rhodes	Last Updated: May 30, 2008
Medical Review:	Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine C. Dale Mercer, MD, FRCSC, FACS - General Surgery
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