Chickenpox (Varicella)

Exams and Tests

Chickenpox (varicella) usually can be diagnosed by the appearance of the chickenpox rash Click here to see an illustration.. For healthy children, describing the rash over the phone to a health professional (rather than visiting the office) may be all that is needed.

But some people need to see a health professional when symptoms of chickenpox appear. You are at more risk for complications from chickenpox if you are a teenager, adult (especially if you smoke cigarettes or have a long-term lung disease), or a pregnant woman, or you have an impaired immune system.

If you visit your health professional's office, chickenpox is diagnosed by medical history and physical exam.

Viral tests can determine whether you are immune to the virus and are unlikely to get chickenpox.

If you have a blistering rash and it's not known if it was caused by the chickenpox virus, other tests can be done.

A woman who has chickenpox early in her pregnancy may want to have her fetus checked for birth defects. This can be done with a fetal ultrasound.

Early Detection

There is no general screening for immunity against chickenpox at this time. Most people in the United States had chickenpox as children and have immunity against it.

Some people may be required to be tested for chickenpox immunity. These include people who work in hospitals, day care centers, schools, and other areas where chickenpox can easily be passed from one person to another. Many states now require that children entering day care and school have the chickenpox vaccine Click here to view a form. (What is a PDF document?) unless they have a doctor's diagnosis or blood test results that prove immunity.

If you are more likely to get severely ill from chickenpox or to have complications of chickenpox, you also need to be tested to confirm whether you have ever had chickenpox and have immunity against it. These people include:

  • People with impaired immune systems.
  • Women who are able to have children. Women who are pregnant or who want to become pregnant should consider being tested to see whether they have chickenpox immunity. Having chickenpox immunity prevents complications of chickenpox during pregnancy.

If you have never had chickenpox and therefore do not have immunity against it, you may choose to get the chickenpox vaccine (Varivax). Talk with your health professional about the risks and benefits of the chickenpox vaccine.


Go to previous section Go to previous sectionGo to top of page Go to top of pageGo to next section Go to next section

Author: Debby Golonka, MPH Last Updated: May 21, 2008
Medical Review: Michael J. Sexton, MD - Pediatrics
Thomas Emmett Francoeur, MDCM, CSPQ, FRCPC - Pediatrics

© 1995-2009 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.

Click here to learn about Healthwise
Click here to learn about Healthwise
Topic Contents
 Topic Overview
 Health Tools Click here to view Health Tools.
 Cause
 Symptoms
 What Happens
 What Increases Your Risk
 When To Call a Doctor
Arrow PointerExams and Tests
 Treatment Overview
 Prevention
 Home Treatment
 Medications
 Surgery
 Other Treatment
 Other Places To Get Help
 Related Information
 References
 Credits