Osteoporosis

References

Citations

1. Anderson JJB (2008). Nutrition and bone health. In LK Mahan, S Escott-Stump, eds., Krause's Food and Nutrition Therapy, pp. 614–635. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier.

2. Feldstein A, et al. (2003). Bone mineral density measurement and treatment for osteoporosis in older individuals with fractures. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(18): 2165–2172.

3. Cummings SR (2002). Bone biology, epidemiology, and general principles. In SR Cummings et al., eds., Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, pp. 3-25. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine.

4. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2004, reaffirmed 2008). Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Osteoporosis. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 50. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 103(1): 203–216.

5. Nieves J (2002). Nutrition. In SR Cummings et al., eds., Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, pp. 85–108. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine.

6. Tucker KL, et al. (2006). Colas, but not other carbonated beverages, are associated with low bone mineral density in older women: The Framingham osteoporosis study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 84(4): 936–942.

7. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2002). Screening for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: Recommendations and rationale. Annals of Internal Medicine, 137(6): 526–528.

8. Qaseem A, et al. (2008). Screening for osteoporosis in men: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148(9): 680–684.

9. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. (2004). Effect of vitamin D on falls: A meta-analysis. JAMA, 291(16): 1999–2006.

10. Mosekilde L, et al. (2008). Fracture prevention in postmenopausal women, search date January 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence. Also available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.

11. Jackson RD, et al. (2006). Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures. New England Journal of Medicine, 354(7): 669–683.

12. Bonaiuti D, et al. (2006). Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1). Oxford: Update Software.

13. National Osteoporosis Foundation (2008). Prevention. Available online: www.nof.org/prevention/index.htm.

14. Cummings SR, Melton LJ III (2002). Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures. Lancet, 359(9319): 1761–1767.

15. Silverman SL (2002). Calcitonin. In SR Cummings et al., eds., Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, pp. 197–208. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine.

16. Cosman F (2002). Selective estrogen-receptor modulators. In SR Cummings et al., eds., Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, pp. 151–167. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine.

17. Harris ST, et al. (2001). Effect of combined risedronate and hormone replacement therapies on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 86(5): 1890–1897.

18. Greenspan SL, et al. (2003). Combination therapy with hormone replacement and alendronate for prevention of bone loss in elderly women. JAMA, 289(19): 2525–2533.

19. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2002). FDA approves teriparatide to treat osteoporosis. FDA Talk Paper T02-49. Available online: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/2002/ANS01176.html.

20. Prestwood KM, et al. (2003). Ultralow-dose micronized 17 B-estradiol and bone density and bone metabolism in older women. JAMA, 290(8): 1042–1048.

21. Fiechtner JJ (2003). Hip fracture prevention. Postgraduate Medicine, 114(3): 22–32.

22. Drugs for postmenopausal osteoporosis (2008). Treatment Guidelines From The Medical Letter, 6(74): 67–74.

23. LaCroix AZ, et al. (2003). Statin use, clinical fracture, and bone density in postmenopausal women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 139(2): 97–104.

24. Bauer DC, et al. (2004). Use of statins and fracture: Results of 4 prospective studies and cumulative meta-analysis of observational studies and controlled trials. Archives of Internal Medicine, 164(2): 146–152.

25. Parker MJ, et al. (2006). Effectiveness of hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in elderly people: Systematic review. BMJ, 332(7541): 571–574.

26. Zhang X, et al. (2005). Prospective cohort study of soy food consumption and risk of bone fracture among postmenopausal women. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(16): 1890–1895.

Other Works Consulted

• American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (2003). Medical guidelines for clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Endocrine Practice, 9(6): 544–564.

• Cummings SR (2002). Bone biology, epidemiology, and general principles. In SR Cummings et al., eds., Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, pp. 3-25. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine.

• Heiss G, et al. (2008). Health risks and benefits 3 years after stopping randomized treatment with estrogen and progestin. JAMA, 299(9): 1036–1045.

• Holt EH (2008). Diseases of calcium metabolism and metabolic bone disease. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds., ACP Medicine, section 3, chap. 6. Hamilton, ON: BC Decker.

• Liu H, et al. (2008). Screening for osteoporosis in men: A systematic review for an American College of Physicians guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148(9): 685–701.

• MacLean C, et al. (2008). Systematic review: Comparative effectiveness of treatments to prevent fractures in men and women with low bone density or osteoporosis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148(3): 197–213.

• Qaseem A, et al. (2008). Pharmacologic treatment of low bone density or osteoporosis to prevent fractures: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 149(6): 404–415.

• Vondracek SF, Hansen LB (2004). Current approaches to the management of osteoporosis in men. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacists, 61(17): 1801–1811.

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Author:	Shannon Erstad, MBA/MPH	Last Updated: November 21, 2008
Medical Review:	Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology
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