Advantages and disadvantages of intrauterine devices (IUDs)The following table lists the advantages and disadvantages of using
intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a
birth control method. Deciding about the IUD birth control method | Consideration | IUDs |
|---|
| Advantages | - More than 99% effective in preventing
pregnancy1
- Most cost-effective method of
birth control over time
- Easy to use
- Does not require
interruption of foreplay or intercourse
- Does not require
cooperation of sexual partner
- Safe to use while
breast-feeding
- Can be removed whenever you have problems or want to
stop using it. Fertility returns with the first
ovulation cycle following IUD
removal.
- Progestin (LNg IUD) relieves heavy menstrual bleeding and
cramping in most women
- Copper IUD can be used for
emergency contraception within 5 days of unprotected
intercourse
- Can be inserted after a normal vaginal delivery, a
cesarean section, or a
first-trimester abortion
| | Disadvantages | - Costs several hundred dollars for
insertion. (This cost may be covered by your health insurance. Some community
clinics may offer insertion and removal at a reduced rate or free to low-income
clients.) If the IUD is expelled, it costs just as much to get a new one.
Having an IUD removed is also costly. However, if an IUD is used for 5 years or
longer, it is the most cost-effective form of birth control.
- Only
a health professional can remove the IUD. Never attempt to remove the IUD
yourself or allow a partner to try to remove it.
- Does not provide protection against
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or
HIV. (A condom is needed for STD protection.)
- When inserted, can spread a genital infection into the uterus,
leading to
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the first months
after insertion. This is why you are screened for STDs before getting an
IUD.
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