Levonorgestrel (LNg) IUD
The levonorgestrel (LNg) intrauterine device (IUD) releases small amounts of levonorgestrel, a form of progesterone, into the uterus each day. In addition to reducing cramping and heavy menstrual bleeding, this type of IUD is a highly effective method of birth control.
Unlike other IUDs, the levonorgestrel IUD may decrease the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). It must be replaced every 5 years to ensure that hormone release continues at a level that helps you.
How effective is it?
Most women experience a significant decrease in uterine blood loss with the LNg IUD. Some studies report up to a 97% reduction in blood loss after 12 months.1 Increased spotting during the first couple of months is common, followed by less bleeding thereafter.
When compared to women who had a hysterectomy to treat dysfunctional uterine bleeding, women using the LNg IUD report similar satisfaction with their treatment and with their health-related quality of life after 12 months.2
What are common side effects?
Common progestin/levonorgestrel-related side effects include bloating, weight gain, and breast tenderness.
Possible changes in the menstrual cycle caused by the LNg IUD include:2
- Absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea).
- Irregular, though not usually heavy, menstrual bleeding.
- A temporary increase in menstrual bleeding (including menstrual days and bleeding between periods). This side effect usually subsides after the first couple of months of use.
| Author: | Kathe Gallagher, MSW Debby Golonka, MPH | Last Updated: February 12, 2008 |
| Medical Review: | Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine Liisa Honey, MD, FRCSC - Obstetrics and Gynecology | |
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